“Evolving Cardiology Training and Workforce Development in Saudi Arabia: A Systematic Review in Light of Vision 2030’s Education and Health Human Capital Strategies”

As Saudi Arabia transitions toward Vision 2030 goals, the cardiology training landscape is undergoing strategic reform to meet evolving healthcare needs. Understanding the effectiveness and gaps within postgraduate cardiology education is vital for workforce optimization and patient-centred care. This study examines strengths, limitations, and reform priorities in Saudi cardiology residency training, integrating perspectives from trainees, faculty, and health policy frameworks. A national thematic synthesis was conducted using peer-reviewed sources, institutional reports, and trainee survey data. Key dimensions explored include simulation-based education, faculty development, interdisciplinary integration, and digital learning adoption. Resident satisfaction remains moderate, with disparities in simulation access, regional training equity, and exit competencies. Faculty development is fragmented, and digital learning platforms are underutilized. Saudization policies have increased national participation but revealed mentorship and skill acquisition gaps. Innovative recommendations include curriculum modularization, strategic decentralization, and AI-supported teaching tools. Saudi Arabia’s cardiology education is progressing toward strategic alignment with Vision 2030. Policy-level engagement, standardized competencies, and technological integration are essential for sustainable quality enhancement.